Main Article Content
Abstract (in English)
Vegetable production is highly sensitive to soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient dynamics, making efficient resource management essential under increasing water scarcity and climate variability. This review synthesizes recent literature (2018-2024) on the role of mulching in improving crop performance, water-use efficiency (WUE), and sustainability in vegetable production systems. A systematic search of major scientific databases (Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink) was conducted using relevant keywords, and peer-reviewed studies were analyzed based on mulch types and key agronomic and environmental outcomes. The findings consistently demonstrate that mulching significantly enhances soil moisture retention, moderates soil temperature, suppresses weeds, and improves crop growth, yield, and quality. Increases in soil moisture (10-35%) and water-use efficiency (18-45%) further demonstrate the effectiveness of mulching, particularly under water-limited conditions. Plastic mulches provide strong short-term benefits, including improved early growth, higher yields, and reduced evaporation, while organic mulches contribute to long-term soil health through increased organic matter, improved structure, and enhanced microbial activity. Biodegradable mulches offer a sustainable alternative by combining comparable agronomic performance with reduced environmental impact. Integrated approaches, such as mulching combined with drip irrigation and fertigation, further optimize resource-use efficiency and productivity. Overall, mulching emerges as a climate-smart practice that enhances productivity, resource efficiency, and environmental sustainability in vegetable systems. Future research should focus on optimizing mulch selection, minimizing environmental risks, and integrating mulching with advanced water and nutrient management strategies.