Guidelines for writing a research article

Guidelines For Writing a Research Article

Download Guidelines for Writing ( Research and Review) Articles

Title

The title of the article should be written in Bahij Zar14 Bold font and in a maximum of 20 words. The title of the article should be short, clear and express all the content of the research.

Author information

The name(s) of the author(s) The affiliation(s) of the author(s), i.e. institution, (department), city, (state), country A clear indication and an active e-mail address of the corresponding author

Abstract

Please provide an abstract of 200 to 250 words. The abstract should not exceed 250 words. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract. The abstract must include the following separate sections: Background: The background should include the introducing of the research, the importance of the research and the purpose of the research. Materials and methods: a brief summary of the methods and designs applied. Results: the main findings Conclusions: a brief summary and potential implications

Keywords

Please provide 3 to 6 keywords that can be used for indexing purposes.

Introduction

The introduction should briefly place the study in a broad context and highlight why it is important. It should define the purpose of the work and its significance, including specific hypotheses being tested. The current state of the research field should be reviewed carefully and key publications cited. Please highlight controversial and diverging hypotheses when necessary. Finally, briefly mention the main aim of the work. Keep the introduction comprehensible to scientists working outside the topic of the paper.

Materials and Methods

They should be described with sufficient detail to allow others to replicate and build on published results. New methods and protocols should be described in detail while well-established methods can be briefly described and appropriately cited. Give the name and version of any software used and make clear whether the computer code used is available. Include any pre-registration codes.

Results

Provide a concise and precise description of the experimental results, their interpretation as well as the experimental conclusions that can be drawn.

Discussion

Authors should discuss the results and how they can be interpreted from the perspective of previous studies and the working hypotheses. The findings and their implications should be discussed in the broadest context possible and the limitations of the work highlighted. Future research directions may also be mentioned.

Conclusion

This section is mandatory, with one or two paragraphs to end the main text.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section on the Manuscript. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.

Conflicts of Interest

Authors must identify and declare any personal circumstances or interests that may be perceived as influencing the representation or interpretation of reported research results. If there is no conflict of interest, please state "The authors declare no conflict of interest."

Text Formatting

Manuscripts should be submitted in Word Processing (.doc, .docx).

Section names Fonts sizes
Dari and Pashto title of the article Bahij Zar Bold 14
English title of the article Times New Roman bold 12
The text of the article Bahij Zar 12
The title of the main sections (introduction, materials, etc.) Bahij Zar Bold 12
Dari and Pashto abstract and keywords Bahij Zar 12
Abstract and English keywords Times New Roman 11
Title of tables and figures in Dari and Pashto Bahij Zar Bold 10
Text of tables and figures in Dari and Pashto Bahij Zar 10
Title of tables and figures in English Times New Roman Bold 9
Text of tables and figures in English Times New Roman 9
References ins Persian, Dari, Pashto and Arabic Bahij Zar 10
References English Times New Roman 9
  • The size of the page in the Word should be 6.5 inches width and 9.5 inches length. The top and bottom, right and left margins should all be 0.79 inches. If the word system is set to centimeters, then the size of the page in the word should be 16.51 cm in width and 24.13 cm in length. The top and bottom, right and left margins should all be 2.01 cm. the line-spacing should be '1.5'
  • The manuscript should have a line number.
  • Use the automatic page numbering function to number the pages.
  • Do not use field functions.
  • Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.
  • Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables.
  • Use the equation editor or Math Type for equations.
  • Save your file in .docx or .doc format (Word Processing).

Preparing Figures and Tables

Tables

  • All tables must have a title written above it.
  • Tables should be arranged in the form of APA
  • All tables (in Pashto and Dari) are to be numbered using Arabic numerals and in en.
  • Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
  • For each table, please supply a table caption (title) explaining the components of the table.
  • Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table caption.
  • Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data) and included beneath the table body.

Figures

  • All figures must have a title written below it.
  • All figures are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.
  • Figures should be submitted within the body of the text
  • When preparing your figures, size figures to fit in the column width.
  • Figures should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
  • Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.).
  • Avoid effects such as shading, outline letters, etc.

Abbreviations

Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.

References

The system of writing reference for the Elm-Ow-Fon, Scientific Research Journal is Vancouver, after the end of each paragraph, the source should be written in parentheses (1). If more than one source is separated by a comma (2, 3). If the function of a person or persons is mentioned, the sources should be completed by writing numbers. The references within the text are presented in the following formats: Ahmadi and Mohammadi (3) were the first to mention CM, and provided data on its origin and damages caused to fruit historically. According to Ahmadi and Mohammadi (8), a granulovirus (GV) was identified from CM cadavers and found to be a type 2 GV that killed larvae in three to four days at higher concentrations. CpGV is used to control CM on over 100,000 ha of organic and conventional apple orchards in Europe (12, 23).

 

Citation

Reference citations in the text should be identified by Vancouver. Some examples:

No Resource Example of references
1 Book (1-6 authors) Carlson BM. Human embryology and developmental biology. 4th ed. St. Louis; Mosby; 2009; 541p.
2 Book (More than 6 authors) Joseph L, Sylas VP, Cyril N, Santhosh SK, Varghese A, Nelson AB et al. Impacts of parasitic plants on natural communities. 2th ed. St. Louis; Mosby; 2009; 541p.
3 Book chapter Blaxter PS, Farnsworth TP. Social health and class inequalities. In: Carter C, Peel JR, editors. Equalities and inequalities in health. 2nd edition. London; Academic Press; 1976. P.165-78.
4 Electronic book Halpen Felsher BL, Morrell HE. Preventing and reducing tobacco use. In: Brain ED, Bravender T, editors. Adolescent medicine today: a guide to caring for the adolescent patient (internet). Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Collage; 2012; Chapter 18. Available from: http://www. Worldwcientific. Com/doi/pdf/10.1142/9789814324496_0018
5 Article (1-6 authors) printed Petitti DB, Crooks VC, Buckwalter JG, Chiu V. Blood pressure levels before dementia. Arch Neurology, 2005 Jan; 62(1): 112-6.
6 Article (More than 6 authors) Hallal AH, Amurtegul JD, Jerokhimov IM, Casillas J, Schulman CI, Manning RJ, et al. Magne resonance cholangiopacreatography accurately detects common bile duct stones in resolving gallstone pancreatitis. Journal of AM Coll Surgery, 2005Jun;200(6):869-75.
7 Article (1-6 authors) Polgreen PM, Chen YY, David S, Ross A, Katz L, Herwaldt LA. Risk factors for groin wound infection after femoral artery catheterization: a case-control study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2006 Jan; 27(1):34-7. doi.org/10.1086/500001
8 Article (more than 6 authors) Polgreen PM, Chen YY, David S, Ross A, Katz L, Herwaldt LA, et la. Risk factors for groin wound infection after femoral artery catheterization: a case-control study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2006 Jan; 27(1):34-7. doi.org/10.1086/500001
9 Website article which written by organization FAO: helping doctors help patients. Chicago: American Medical Association; 1995-2007. Available from: https://www.ama-assn.org/.
10 Website article which written by a person Hooper JF. helping doctors help patients. Chicago: American Medical Association; 1995-2007. Available from: https://www.ama-assn.org/.
11 Thesis or dissertation Rahimi MH. "Effect of fertilizers on growth of different variety of wheat". PHD Dissertation. Agriculture Faculty; Kabul University; Kabul Afghanistan; 2022; p120.