آزمایش ۹ ورایتی گندم اصلاح شده و رایج افغانستان در مقابل تنش خشکی

Abstract (in English)

The growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is significantly influenced by specific climatic conditions, particularly in semi-arid regions like Afghanistan. In these areas, insufficient rainfall and sudden temperature increases during the grain-filling period are critical factors that adversely affect wheat growth and development. These climatic phenomena lead to drought stress, prompting the need for research into chemical and molecular responses of wheat varieties to enhance breeding programs.To investigate this, selected wheat varieties were cultivated in a laboratory germinator and in pots outdoors using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The experimental setup included three treatments: normal conditions, first drought stress, and second drought stress. Key indicators assessed included germination percentage, radicle length, coleoptile length, and stomatal conductance. Results indicated minimal differences in stomatal conditions between the varieties Nasrat-20 and Diorm-10, while Solh-20 and Derakhshan exhibited the most significant differences. The highest germination rates were recorded for Solh-20 and Lalmi-3. Additionally, the variety Sheshambagh demonstrated the longest radicle length, whereas Kohdasht had the longest coleoptile. Based on these findings, the varieties Salakh-20, Lalmi-3, Bagh, and Kohdasht showed superior performance across the assessed indicators.These results underscore the importance of selecting appropriate wheat varieties that can withstand drought conditions, which is vital for improving wheat production in Afghanistan's challenging climate.