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Abstract (in English)
Agricultural extension plays a vital role in improving the lives of farmers and rural communities, disseminating information and skills, and ensuring sustainable agricultural development in rural areas. The planning of extension programs involves organizing extension activities, required budget, various projects, technical personnel, relevant skills, and others within a specific timeframe, usually conducted annually by the district-level extension unit. In many districts of Afghanistan, extension units have been established to provide extension services to farmers. The purpose of this study is to examine the mechanisms, challenges, and solutions of planning extension programs at the district level. The agricultural extension unit of Surobi district in Kabul province is considered as a case study. Data was collected through focused group discussions and interviews with local extension workers, lead farmers, and village elders. Additionally, library methods were also used. A main reason for farmers' limited access to extension services in the country is the poor planning of extension programs at the district level.